Non-Oxide Ceramics for Bone Implant Application: State-of-the-Art Overview with an Emphasis on the Acetabular Cup of Hip Joint Prosthesis

A rapidly developing area of ceramic science and technology involves research on the interaction between implanted biomaterials human body. Over past half century, use bioceramics has revolutionized surgical treatment various diseases that primarily affect bone, thus contributing to significantly improving quality life rehabilitated patients. Calcium phosphates, bioactive glasses glass-ceramics are mostly used in tissue engineering applications where bone regeneration is major goal, while stronger but almost inert biocompatible ceramics such as alumina alumina/zirconia composites preferable joint prostheses. last few years, non-oxide ceramics—primarily silicon nitride, carbide diamond-like coatings—have been proposed new options orthopaedics order overcome some tribological biomechanical limitations existing commercial products, yielding very promising results. This review specifically addressed these relatively less popular, for applications, highlighting their potential advantages critical aspects deserving further future. Special focus also given manufacturing acetabular cup, which most component hip